Does the drug help you sleep and relax? Any personal experience?
Answer:
The primary use for promethazine is to reduce or eliminate nausea. It is used in injectible form after surgery for people who have had nausea reactions to anesthesia. Pill form is usually prescribed for people taking another medication that causes upset stomachs. The 'street' use for the drug is for suicidal people - most of the time when people try to kill themselves using pills, their body rejects the huge dose by causing vomiting . . . suicidal people will often take promethazine (pill or suppository) prior to taking the fatal dose of pills to keep from throwing them up.
I have taken promethazine for both post-surgery and to help with another prescribed medication.
If you have a problem with sleep, you need to figure out what the problem is first. Personally, I am a total insomniac. If I don't take my meds, I can stay up for days. If you have insomnia, you might want to consider medications specifically for that. If it is anxiety or stress, you need to address that first before you pop a pill. Only if it has thrown you off schedule that is impairing your daily routines, pills can help. If it is true anxiety, Xanex is great.
Promethazine has limited if any sedative effect.
Good Luck!
When I got in wreck I was taking percoset and getting shots of morphine the Dr. gave it to me to stop nausea.Taking only promethazine will make you a Little sleepy, there are better PX to help you sleep.Save it for when you have a bad hang over to settle your stomach..........LOL
Promethazine (Phenergan) is an anti-histamine and anti-emetic. Most people find it somewhat sedating. About the same feeling as diphenhydramine (Benedryl). Will help you sleep and relax. Probably work on anxiety. Hydroxyzine (Atarax or Vistaril) is well suited to IBS and anxiety. If GI symptoms are not part of your anxiety issues then your physician would more likely put you on a benzodiazepine like Lorazepam, Alprazolam or Clonazepam (Ativan, Xanax and Klonopin, respectively).
It's a sedative antihistamine, so it'll make you a bit sleepy, but it won't do much for anxiety.
Tuesday, May 25, 2010
Prolonged Fasting result in Falsely elevated Triglycerides?
Hihi.. I have been looking for infos on the impact of prolonged fasting( %26gt; 14hrs) effects on triglycerides. Does anyone know how much effects it can have on triglycerides? What is the metabolic pathway involved that helps the liver breaks down "something" to produce tryiglycerides so the TG will be falsely increased under prolonged fasting(eg like starvation). Is the TG increase dramatic? Is this not reccomanded when a fasting lab test is necessary?
Can anyone explain the metabolic pathway? thx !~ i have returned my biochem to my lecturer.. =x
Anyone from lab wish to share some experience? =)
Answer:
The pathway is lipolysis and reesterification. Adipocytes release free fatty acids (not TG's) which are taken to the liver for making energy, namely ketone bodies during starvation. Some FFA's are stuck back together to be released as TG's in VLDL's (very low denstiy lipoproteins).
In the liver triglycerides (from blood or diet) are broken down into lipids and glycerol. These can be converted into glucose or ketone bodies. Some other tissues can utilize intrinsic TG's but I am not sure how useful they are immediately from the bloodstream and during starvation.
In blood tests you can get a high TG value from fasting 12-24 hours but a severe hyperlipidemia is apparent in a markedly starved animal (humans are animals, too). There are suggested cut-offs in vet med based on percentages of normal values to determine whether an animal is currently starving (or just fasting).
Hope that helps
Can anyone explain the metabolic pathway? thx !~ i have returned my biochem to my lecturer.. =x
Anyone from lab wish to share some experience? =)
Answer:
The pathway is lipolysis and reesterification. Adipocytes release free fatty acids (not TG's) which are taken to the liver for making energy, namely ketone bodies during starvation. Some FFA's are stuck back together to be released as TG's in VLDL's (very low denstiy lipoproteins).
In the liver triglycerides (from blood or diet) are broken down into lipids and glycerol. These can be converted into glucose or ketone bodies. Some other tissues can utilize intrinsic TG's but I am not sure how useful they are immediately from the bloodstream and during starvation.
In blood tests you can get a high TG value from fasting 12-24 hours but a severe hyperlipidemia is apparent in a markedly starved animal (humans are animals, too). There are suggested cut-offs in vet med based on percentages of normal values to determine whether an animal is currently starving (or just fasting).
Hope that helps
Procardia to stop preterm contractions?
I am 32 weeks and have been hospitalized twice for thretened preterm labor meaning I have not dilated, but my contractions could have started the process.
I have been given both Terbutaline, and Procardia. I did not do well on the Terbutaline since it got my heart at 128 BPM, while the max is 110 during pregnancy. I was now switched to Procardia because on the first hospital incident, I was given Procardia and responded well to it.
I have done some research on both Terbutaline and Procardia, and found that Terbutaline may be linked to brain damage, autism, speech impediments, low blood sugar, and high blood sugar. I did not however, find anything on Procardia, which I'm sure does not make it safe anyhow.
I was wondering if any moms have taken Procardia during pregnancy, and if so how many mg. and how often daily for how long? More importantly, how are your babies?If anyone has any info on Procardia related to it's use during pregnancy, please share with me.
Thank you in advance!
Answer:
Hi. I saw you had no answers, so I thought I would see what I could do.
BNF says that one of the cautions of taking Procardia (ifedipine) is that it may inhibit labour - but thats what you want! Its list of side effects dont include any fetus-related ones:
"headache, flushing, dizziness, lethargy; tachycardia, palpitation; short-acting preparations may induce an exaggerated fall in blood pressure and reflex tachycardia which may lead to myocardial or cerebrovascular ischaemia; gravitational oedema, rash (erythema multiforme reported), pruritus, urticaria, nausea, constipation or diarrhoea, increased frequency of micturition, eye pain, visual disturbances, gum hyperplasia, asthenia, paraesthesia, myalgia, tremor, impotence, gynaecomastia; depression, telangiectasia, cholestasis, jaundice reported"
According to this website:
http://fpb.case.edu/bedrest/handouts/med...
"No serious newborn side effects have been noted."
However, this website:
http://www.having-a-baby.com/chart.htm#e...
Says:
"Not proven to be safe during pregnancy. Possible temporary fetal/neonatal cardiovascular functional abnormalities."
So, we have some conflicting views due to the lack of studies done. But, I will let BNF take the last word:
"May inhibit labour; manufacturer advises avoid, but risk to fetus should be balanced against risk of uncontrolled maternal hypertension"
Note the last bit: "risk to fetus should be balanced against risk of uncontrolled maternal hypertension". That is what your doctor has done. He needs a drug to lower your blood pressure, and he cant use many due to contraindications, and so he chose this one. If you had no drug, your blood pressure would be too high, and that would cause risk to you and your baby.
Hope that helps
Ashley
I have been given both Terbutaline, and Procardia. I did not do well on the Terbutaline since it got my heart at 128 BPM, while the max is 110 during pregnancy. I was now switched to Procardia because on the first hospital incident, I was given Procardia and responded well to it.
I have done some research on both Terbutaline and Procardia, and found that Terbutaline may be linked to brain damage, autism, speech impediments, low blood sugar, and high blood sugar. I did not however, find anything on Procardia, which I'm sure does not make it safe anyhow.
I was wondering if any moms have taken Procardia during pregnancy, and if so how many mg. and how often daily for how long? More importantly, how are your babies?If anyone has any info on Procardia related to it's use during pregnancy, please share with me.
Thank you in advance!
Answer:
Hi. I saw you had no answers, so I thought I would see what I could do.
BNF says that one of the cautions of taking Procardia (ifedipine) is that it may inhibit labour - but thats what you want! Its list of side effects dont include any fetus-related ones:
"headache, flushing, dizziness, lethargy; tachycardia, palpitation; short-acting preparations may induce an exaggerated fall in blood pressure and reflex tachycardia which may lead to myocardial or cerebrovascular ischaemia; gravitational oedema, rash (erythema multiforme reported), pruritus, urticaria, nausea, constipation or diarrhoea, increased frequency of micturition, eye pain, visual disturbances, gum hyperplasia, asthenia, paraesthesia, myalgia, tremor, impotence, gynaecomastia; depression, telangiectasia, cholestasis, jaundice reported"
According to this website:
http://fpb.case.edu/bedrest/handouts/med...
"No serious newborn side effects have been noted."
However, this website:
http://www.having-a-baby.com/chart.htm#e...
Says:
"Not proven to be safe during pregnancy. Possible temporary fetal/neonatal cardiovascular functional abnormalities."
So, we have some conflicting views due to the lack of studies done. But, I will let BNF take the last word:
"May inhibit labour; manufacturer advises avoid, but risk to fetus should be balanced against risk of uncontrolled maternal hypertension"
Note the last bit: "risk to fetus should be balanced against risk of uncontrolled maternal hypertension". That is what your doctor has done. He needs a drug to lower your blood pressure, and he cant use many due to contraindications, and so he chose this one. If you had no drug, your blood pressure would be too high, and that would cause risk to you and your baby.
Hope that helps
Ashley
Primary & Secondary sensroy receptors?
I don't remember the exact names for the two types of sensory receptors, but i know one generates action potential and the other one (secondary one) just releases neruontransmitter onto the second order neuron, which then generates action potential. What are the exact names for those two types receptors?
And correct me if I am wrong: mechano %26 olfaction use the primary one, and taste, hearing and vision use the secondary one?
Thanks sooo much =)
Answer:
Holy cow. I'm not sure I understand this question but I *think* you are asking about Tonic Receptors and Phasic Receptors. =o)
Tonic - Odor and Touch.
Phasic - Vision, Hearing and Taste.
Hope I got it right.
And correct me if I am wrong: mechano %26 olfaction use the primary one, and taste, hearing and vision use the secondary one?
Thanks sooo much =)
Answer:
Holy cow. I'm not sure I understand this question but I *think* you are asking about Tonic Receptors and Phasic Receptors. =o)
Tonic - Odor and Touch.
Phasic - Vision, Hearing and Taste.
Hope I got it right.
Presence of sperms in female urine sediment,is it reportable?
I work in a clinical laboratory in " urine analysis " department.I would like to know if I find any sperm in female's urine,will it be important to report? and will it be a sighn of any disorder or just it shows an previouse intercourse?! will it help doctor to recognize anything?
please help me.
Answer:
I write a lot of laboratory procedures. We report everything seen on a microscopic UA; however, the presence of spermatozoa in the urine of a consenting adult female is considered to be normal. Since the laboratory has no knowledge of the patient's circumstances (i.e., rape, incest, mental or physical incapacity), it is up to the ordering physician to evaluate the significance of all findings when treating his patient. Since the reporting of spermatozoa is part of the urinalysis order/test, it would be inappropriate to withold any information regarding their presence. A laboratory should not refrain from reporting something just because it is considered to be a normal finding.
You should refer to your laboratory's microscopic urinalysis procedure to see what it says and follow it. Sometimes the hospital medical staff will dictate what will be reported on a urinalysis and their wishes will be incorporated into the procedure.
It should be reported, however all it indicates as you have already said, is that the female patient has had intercourse in the last 24 hours...
I also work in a lab and have talked to other lab techs about this. Our policy, and theirs, is to never report sperm in a woman's urine. There's only one way it could get there and it's not pathologically significant.
There is no need to report that unless until you are specifically asked to do so. Since you are not working in a forensic lab this observation is not significant, even though you can make out the patient had intercourse in last 48 hours.
No need to report
I am surprised at previous answers. I think it is wrong to omit what you see. You are a technician, a very important position in medical diagnosis, but you are not a guardian of public or private mores.
By the same token, you are morally (and perhaps legally) obligated to keep your mouth shut about your findings. Blabbing your findings to other techs in the lab, or to other unconcerned parties is simply wrong.
We ignore it, but it does get listed as present on the lab sheet.
I work in an Emergency Room and seen a few cases where the presence of sperm in a patients urine led us to file CPS or APS reports. When you recieve a specimen into the lab, you get no medical history with it. In the cases I have seen, the patients were both mentally incapacitated. Therefor, not choosing to have intercourse. In my opinion, this result should always be reported. It is up to the physician to decide what is relevant and what isn't. If it is irrelevant, it will be ignored by the physician. In some cases, I know, it has given a voice to people who weren't able to speak for and protect themselves. I know it's a rarity......but it happens.
please help me.
Answer:
I write a lot of laboratory procedures. We report everything seen on a microscopic UA; however, the presence of spermatozoa in the urine of a consenting adult female is considered to be normal. Since the laboratory has no knowledge of the patient's circumstances (i.e., rape, incest, mental or physical incapacity), it is up to the ordering physician to evaluate the significance of all findings when treating his patient. Since the reporting of spermatozoa is part of the urinalysis order/test, it would be inappropriate to withold any information regarding their presence. A laboratory should not refrain from reporting something just because it is considered to be a normal finding.
You should refer to your laboratory's microscopic urinalysis procedure to see what it says and follow it. Sometimes the hospital medical staff will dictate what will be reported on a urinalysis and their wishes will be incorporated into the procedure.
It should be reported, however all it indicates as you have already said, is that the female patient has had intercourse in the last 24 hours...
I also work in a lab and have talked to other lab techs about this. Our policy, and theirs, is to never report sperm in a woman's urine. There's only one way it could get there and it's not pathologically significant.
There is no need to report that unless until you are specifically asked to do so. Since you are not working in a forensic lab this observation is not significant, even though you can make out the patient had intercourse in last 48 hours.
No need to report
I am surprised at previous answers. I think it is wrong to omit what you see. You are a technician, a very important position in medical diagnosis, but you are not a guardian of public or private mores.
By the same token, you are morally (and perhaps legally) obligated to keep your mouth shut about your findings. Blabbing your findings to other techs in the lab, or to other unconcerned parties is simply wrong.
We ignore it, but it does get listed as present on the lab sheet.
I work in an Emergency Room and seen a few cases where the presence of sperm in a patients urine led us to file CPS or APS reports. When you recieve a specimen into the lab, you get no medical history with it. In the cases I have seen, the patients were both mentally incapacitated. Therefor, not choosing to have intercourse. In my opinion, this result should always be reported. It is up to the physician to decide what is relevant and what isn't. If it is irrelevant, it will be ignored by the physician. In some cases, I know, it has given a voice to people who weren't able to speak for and protect themselves. I know it's a rarity......but it happens.
Pre-med courses?
What pre-med course would you recommend? Some of you may answer Biology, but I want some alternative if ever I don't get into Medicine. I'm considering Medical Technology, Physical Theraphy, Public Health and Pharmacy.
Suggestions please.
Answer:
biochemistry, Anatomy and physiology, microbiology, endocrinology, genetics, psych classes. Of course, this is on top of the prerequisite biology, advanced biology, 2 semesters of physics, gen chem, and organic chemistry, all with a lab.
Medical technology would give you most of the courses for medical school, if you took an ASCP course for the registry.
Honestly, take whatever class you'll get an "A" in. That's what will help you get into the med school and once you're in you'll learn such a ridiculous amount of material that you'll barely remember college! This probably isn't the answer you're looking for, but it's the truth! Good Luck!
Let's have a look. Here is the web site for Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia. This is a medical school, but also offers degree courses in other fields.
Good luck.
Suggestions please.
Answer:
biochemistry, Anatomy and physiology, microbiology, endocrinology, genetics, psych classes. Of course, this is on top of the prerequisite biology, advanced biology, 2 semesters of physics, gen chem, and organic chemistry, all with a lab.
Medical technology would give you most of the courses for medical school, if you took an ASCP course for the registry.
Honestly, take whatever class you'll get an "A" in. That's what will help you get into the med school and once you're in you'll learn such a ridiculous amount of material that you'll barely remember college! This probably isn't the answer you're looking for, but it's the truth! Good Luck!
Let's have a look. Here is the web site for Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia. This is a medical school, but also offers degree courses in other fields.
Good luck.
Posture: Can you sit too upright? It hurts my lower back when I sit completely straight?
I've been told I have bad posture and have been encouraged to sit up straight but I find sitting straight causes strain in my lower back.
Is this OK?
Answer:
Yes it's normal. The muscles that should support your back probably haven't be used for a long time. Just like any unused muscle it takes training. Persist - it's worth it in the long run.
Depends, how old are you and what do you do for a living?
Your back has a natural curve so its no wonder it hurts if you are trying to stand perfectly straight.
usually when that happen it means your extremity muscles are pulling the back bone causing muscle tension. the solution to that is simple: do some stretches every morning and at night. touch your feet with your hands until you achieve flexibility. that wil fix your problem. avoid meds specially prescription.
Also work on strengthening the lower abdominal muscles. A lot of lower back pain and bad posture is caused by an imbalance between the abs and back muscles. So-called "weak backs" are just as likely to be weak abs that don't do their job of supporting the lower spine. Work on the lower abs by lying down and doing pelvic rolls and lifts with those muscles tightened inwards; when you walk, keep your pelvis tucked in instead of allowing yourself to slump into a swayback posture. (And try bellydancing! It's one of the best lower ab toners out there!)
It's impossible from the web to determine your source of pain. Best if you see a physical therapist or your family doctor.
Possible sources of pain could be:
- strain on spinal connective tissues, ligaments due to shortening that has occurred. This can happen if you maintain poor postures for prolonged periods.
- overworked superficial back muscles. If the spinal stabilizers are weak, you rely heavily on the erector spinae. These muscles are not designed to work over prolonged periods and therefore fatigue quickly resulting in burning pain.
- disc pressure, bulges, or herniations. This usually occurs in individuals between the ages of 35 and 55, and is aggravated by poor postures.
Of course there are other sources of pain that need to be ruled out by your family doctor such as tumours, arthritis, spondylolithesis, spondylosis, degenerating discs, internal issues such as kidney or bowel problems, etc.
It's best if you see your doctor.
If your doctor clears you of serious pathology you may find the following web site helpful in gaining strength in your postural muscles:
http://www.exercise-ball-exercises.com...
Is this OK?
Answer:
Yes it's normal. The muscles that should support your back probably haven't be used for a long time. Just like any unused muscle it takes training. Persist - it's worth it in the long run.
Depends, how old are you and what do you do for a living?
Your back has a natural curve so its no wonder it hurts if you are trying to stand perfectly straight.
usually when that happen it means your extremity muscles are pulling the back bone causing muscle tension. the solution to that is simple: do some stretches every morning and at night. touch your feet with your hands until you achieve flexibility. that wil fix your problem. avoid meds specially prescription.
Also work on strengthening the lower abdominal muscles. A lot of lower back pain and bad posture is caused by an imbalance between the abs and back muscles. So-called "weak backs" are just as likely to be weak abs that don't do their job of supporting the lower spine. Work on the lower abs by lying down and doing pelvic rolls and lifts with those muscles tightened inwards; when you walk, keep your pelvis tucked in instead of allowing yourself to slump into a swayback posture. (And try bellydancing! It's one of the best lower ab toners out there!)
It's impossible from the web to determine your source of pain. Best if you see a physical therapist or your family doctor.
Possible sources of pain could be:
- strain on spinal connective tissues, ligaments due to shortening that has occurred. This can happen if you maintain poor postures for prolonged periods.
- overworked superficial back muscles. If the spinal stabilizers are weak, you rely heavily on the erector spinae. These muscles are not designed to work over prolonged periods and therefore fatigue quickly resulting in burning pain.
- disc pressure, bulges, or herniations. This usually occurs in individuals between the ages of 35 and 55, and is aggravated by poor postures.
Of course there are other sources of pain that need to be ruled out by your family doctor such as tumours, arthritis, spondylolithesis, spondylosis, degenerating discs, internal issues such as kidney or bowel problems, etc.
It's best if you see your doctor.
If your doctor clears you of serious pathology you may find the following web site helpful in gaining strength in your postural muscles:
http://www.exercise-ball-exercises.com...
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